Introduction and Development Overview of Laboratory High Borosilicate Glass Containers

I. The Evolution Journey of Laboratory Glassware

The origin of glassware can be traced back to the ancient Phoenicians, who ingeniously fused obsidian in bonfires, thus giving birth to a wide variety of glassware. With the continuous improvement of glass-making techniques by the Syrians, Egyptians and Romans, glassware was able to develop continuously.

In the 16th century, the art of glass-making in Venice reached a new height, enabling the production of glassware of various shapes. Subsequently, at the turn of the 19th century, Germany began to use sodium-calcium materials for the manufacture of laboratory glass. In 1915, the birth of borosilicate glass brought a new breakthrough to mankind, although this kind of glass was initially mainly used in laboratories.

With the passage of time, high borosilicate glassware has gradually emerged as a new star in the field of experiments. Not only do they have an extremely low coefficient of thermal expansion, but they also possess multiple outstanding properties such as high temperature resistance, high strength, high hardness and high light transmittance, which makes high borosilicate glassware shine brightly in scientific experiments.

II. Reagent Bottle Series

Reagent bottles, as important containers for storing chemical reagents such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, sodium hydroxide and methyl orange, the selection of their materials is of vital importance. Common materials for reagent bottles include glass and plastic. Among them, high borosilicate glass, due to its superior performance, has become the commonly used material for glass reagent bottles in laboratories. These reagent bottles are not only widely used in various laboratory environments for storing and transferring various reagents, but also indispensable experimental equipment in experiments of chemistry, biology and other disciplines. Common laboratory reagent bottles include round-bottomed flasks, thick-walled eggplant bottles, flowing liquid bottles, graduated serum bottles, triangular reagent bottles, wide-mouth reagent bottles and screw-mouth reagent bottles, etc.

III. Volumetric Flask Series

The volumetric flask, this precise instrument, is specially designed for preparing solutions of accurate concentration. It features a slender neck and a pear-shaped flat-bottomed glass bottle, with clear scales engraved on the neck. When the volume inside the bottle is the same as the marked line at a specific temperature, its capacity is the accurate volume number. This type is usually called a "volumetric flask". In addition, there are volumetric flasks engraved with two lines, where the upper line indicates the displayed volume and is often used in conjunction with pipettes.

Volumetric flasks play a crucial role in laboratories. They are not only used for directly preparing standard solutions and accurately diluting solutions, but also key tools for preparing sample solutions. In addition, the clearly marked temperature, capacity and scale lines on the volumetric flask make its operation more convenient and accurate.

IV. Funnel Series

A funnel, often referred to as a "triangular funnel", is an instrument used to add liquid to small-bore containers or in conjunction with filter paper as a filter to separate solid and liquid mixtures. Its shape is cylindrical and it is mainly used to inject liquids and fine powder substances into containers with smaller diameters. The tip of a funnel is usually designed as a relatively thin tube to facilitate the control of the liquid flow. This instrument is often used for cooking in the kitchen and is an indispensable filtering tool in the laboratory, often used together with filter paper to separate chemical substances such as crystals. In filtration experiments, the funnel plays a crucial role. Common laboratory funnels include separating funnels, adding funnels, weighing funnels, triangular funnels, flat-angle funnels, constant pressure dropping funnels, and microfunnels, etc.

V. Crystallization Dish Series

The crystallization dish is designed with features such as a parallel mouth and bottom perpendicular to the sides, presenting a large and deep cylindrical shape, and is equipped with a mouth for easy pouring of solutions. Its large-area design not only expands the heating surface and evaporation surface, but also enables more mother liquor to be held in the dish. The flat-bottomed structure is convenient for observing the precipitation of crystals. The design of the mouth makes it even easier to pour the solution in the dish. In organic chemistry experiments, due to the complexity of reactions and the diversity of products, including main products, by-products and impurities. Therefore, to obtain relatively pure substances, the refining work is particularly important. As the most common and widespread refining method, the crystallization method, with its dedicated tool - the crystallization dish, has become an indispensable tool for crystallization experiments or liquid recrystallization in the laboratory, helping experimenters achieve the goals of refining and purification.

High borosilicate glass is renowned for its outstanding resistance to acids and alkalis, water, and excellent corrosion resistance. It also features good thermal stability and chemical stability, enabling it to maintain superior performance in various environments. Its low coefficient of thermal expansion and ability to withstand temperatures up to 200℃ further enhance its mechanical properties and thermal shock resistance. Therefore, high borosilicate glass has been widely applied in multiple fields such as scientific research, education, medical care and pharmaceuticals.